普罗米修斯结构化查询语言汇总
由于自己写一些普罗米修斯结构化查询语言告警规则会比较耗时,所以这里从腾讯云的云原生监控和普罗米修斯算子中扒一些过来进行记录。
(普罗米修斯操作员和云原生中的基本差不多)
这里主要从腾讯云的云原生监控来获取,因为标签以及变量问题,该结构化查询语言在联邦集群环境中需要调整才能使用。
1.Kubernetes节点
1.1 NodeFilesystemSpaceFillingUp
(
node _ file system _ avail _ bytes { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=' ' }/node _ file system _ size _ bytes { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''} * 100 15
和
predict _ linear(node _ file system _ avail _ bytes { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''}[6h],4*60*60) 0
和
node _ file system _ readonly { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''}==0
)
告警内容:集群{ { $ labels。群集} }/节点{ { $ labels。实例} }/设备{{ $labels.device }}只剩下{{ printf '%.2f' $value }}%的可用空间
1.2 NodeFilesystemAlmostOutOfSpace
(
node _ file system _ avail _ bytes { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=' ' }/node _ file system _ size _ bytes { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''} * 100 3
和
node _ file system _ readonly { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''}==0
)
告警内容:集群{ { $ labels。群集} }/节点{ { $ labels。实例} }/设备{{ $labels.device }}只剩下{{ printf '%.2f' $value }}%的可用空间
1.3 NodeFilesystemFilesFillingUp
(
node _ file system _ files _ free { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=' ' }/node _ file system _ files { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''} * 100 20
和
predict _ linear(node _ file system _ files _ free { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''}[6h],4*60*60) 0
和
node _ file system _ readonly { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''}==0
)
告警内容:集群{ { $ labels。群集} }/节点{ { $ labels。实例} }/设备{{ $labels.device }}只剩下{{ printf '%.2f' $value }}%的可用索引节点
1.4 NodeFilesystemAlmostOutOfFiles
(
node _ file system _ files _ free { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=' ' }/node _ file system _ files { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''} * 100 3
和
node _ file system _ readonly { job=' node-exporter ',fstype!=''}==0
)
告警内容:集群{ { $ labels。群集} }/节点{ { $ labels。实例} }/设备{{ $labels.device }}只剩下{{ printf '%.2f' $value }}%的可用索引节点
1.5 NodeNetworkReceiveErrs
速率(node _ network _ receive _ errs _ total[2m])/速率(节点_网络
work_receive_packets_total[2m]) 0.01
告警内容:在最近2分钟,集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/node {{ $labels.instance }}/网卡 {{ $labels.device }} 出现{{ printf "%.0f" $value }}接收错误
1.6 NodeNetworkTransmitErrs
rate(node_network_transmit_errs_total[2m]) / rate(node_network_transmit_packets_total[2m]) 0.01
告警内容:在最近2分钟,集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/node {{ $labels.instance }}/网卡 {{ $labels.device }} 出现{{ printf "%.0f" $value }}发送错误
1.7 NodeHighNumberConntrackEntriesUsed
(node_nf_conntrack_entries / node_nf_conntrack_entries_limit) 0.75
告警内容:{{ $value | humanizePercentage }} of conntrack entries are used.
1.8 NodeClockSkewDetected
( node_timex_offset_seconds 0.05 and deriv(node_timex_offset_seconds[5m]) = 0 ) or ( node_timex_offset_seconds -0.05 and deriv(node_timex_offset_seconds[5m]) = 0 )
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster_id }}/node {{ $labels.instance }}的时钟漂移超过300秒, 请检查NTP是否正常配置
1.9 NodeClockNotSynchronising
min_over_time(node_timex_sync_status[5m]) == 0andnode_timex_maxerror_seconds = 16
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster_id }}/node {{ $labels.instance }} 时钟未同步, 请检查NTP是否正常配置
2. kubernetes工作负载
2.1 KubePodCrashLooping
rate(kube_pod_container_status_restarts_total{job="kube-state-metrics"}[5m]) * 60 * 5 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/Pod {{ $labels.pod }}/容器 {{ $labels.container}} 最近5分钟重启{{ printf "%.2f" $value }}次
2.2 KubePodNotReady
sum by (cluster,namespace, pod) ( max by(cluster,namespace, pod) ( kube_pod_status_phase{job="kube-state-metrics", phase=~"Pending|Unknown"} ) * on(cluster,namespace, pod) group_left(owner_kind) topk by(cluster,namespace, pod) ( 1, max by(cluster,namespace, pod, owner_kind) (kube_pod_owner{owner_kind!="Job"}) ) ) 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/Pod {{ $labels.pod }}处于NotReady状态超过15分钟
2.3 KubeDeploymentGenerationMismatch
kube_deployment_status_observed_generation{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_deployment_metadata_generation{job="kube-state-metrics"} |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/deployment {{ $labels.deployment}}部署版本不符合预期,表示Deployment变更没有生效
2.4 KubeDeploymentReplicasMismatch
( kube_deployment_spec_replicas{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_deployment_status_replicas_available{job="kube-state-metrics"} ) and ( changes(kube_deployment_status_replicas_updated{job="kube-state-metrics"}[5m]) == 0 ) |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/deployment {{ $labels.deployment }} 没有达到预期副本数超过15分钟
2.5 KubeStatefulSetReplicasMismatch
( kube_statefulset_status_replicas_ready{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_statefulset_status_replicas{job="kube-state-metrics"} ) and ( changes(kube_statefulset_status_replicas_updated{job="kube-state-metrics"}[5m]) == 0 ) |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/statefulset {{ $labels.statefulset }} 没有达到预期副本数超过15分钟
2.6 KubeStatefulSetGenerationMismatch
kube_statefulset_status_observed_generation{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_statefulset_metadata_generation{job="kube-state-metrics"} |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/statefulset {{ $labels.statefulset}} 部署版本不符合预期,表示statefulset变更没有生效
2.7 KubeStatefulSetUpdateNotRolledOut
( max without (revision) ( kube_statefulset_status_current_revision{job="kube-state-metrics"} unless kube_statefulset_status_update_revision{job="kube-state-metrics"} ) * ( kube_statefulset_replicas{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_statefulset_status_replicas_updated{job="kube-state-metrics"} ) ) and ( changes(kube_statefulset_status_replicas_updated{job="kube-state-metrics"}[5m]) == 0 ) |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/statefulset {{ $labels.statefulset }} 部分Pod未更新
2.8 KubeDaemonSetRolloutStuck
( ( kube_daemonset_status_current_number_scheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_daemonset_status_desired_number_scheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} ) or ( kube_daemonset_status_number_misscheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} != 0 ) or ( kube_daemonset_updated_number_scheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_daemonset_status_desired_number_scheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} ) or ( kube_daemonset_status_number_available{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_daemonset_status_desired_number_scheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} ) ) and ( changes(kube_daemonset_updated_number_scheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"}[5m]) == 0 ) |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/daemonset {{ $labels.daemonset }} 变更卡了超过15分钟
2.9 KubeContainerWaiting
sum by (namespace, pod, container,cluster) (kube_pod_container_status_waiting_reason{job="kube-state-metrics"}) 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/pod {{ $labels.pod }}/container {{ $labels.container}} 处于Waiting状态超过1小时
2.10 KubeDaemonSetNotScheduled
kube_daemonset_status_desired_number_scheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} - kube_daemonset_status_current_number_scheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/ namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/daemonset {{ $labels.daemonset}} 中 {{ $value }} 个 pod 没有被调度
2.11 KubeDaemonSetMisScheduled
kube_daemonset_status_number_misscheduled{job="kube-state-metrics"} 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/daemonset {{ $labels.daemonset}} 中 {{ $value }} 个 pod 错误调度到node上
2.12 KubeJobCompletion
kube_job_spec_completions{job="kube-state-metrics"} - kube_job_status_succeeded{job="kube-state-metrics"} 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/job {{ $labels.job_name }} 运行超过12小时
2.13 KubeJobFailed
kube_job_failed{job="kube-state-metrics"} 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/job {{ $labels.job_name }} 执行失败
2.14 KubeHpaReplicasMismatch
(kube_hpa_status_desired_replicas{job="kube-state-metrics"} != kube_hpa_status_current_replicas{job="kube-state-metrics"}) and changes(kube_hpa_status_current_replicas[15m]) == 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/HPA {{ $labels.hpa }} 副本数和预期不一致超过15分钟
2.15 KubeHpaMaxedOut
kube_hpa_status_current_replicas{job="kube-state-metrics"} == kube_hpa_spec_max_replicas{job="kube-state-metrics"} |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/HPA {{ $labels.hpa }} 副本数达到最大值超过15m
3. Kubernetes资源
3.1 KubeCPUOvercommit
sum(namespace:kube_pod_container_resource_requests_cpu_cores:sum{}) / sum(kube_node_status_allocatable_cpu_cores) (count(kube_node_status_allocatable_cpu_cores)-1) / count(kube_node_status_allocatable_cpu_cores) |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}内Pod申请的CPU过载,当前CPU申请占比{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}
3.2 KubeMemoryOvercommit
sum(namespace:kube_pod_container_resource_requests_memory_bytes:sum{}) / sum(kube_node_status_allocatable_memory_bytes) (count(kube_node_status_allocatable_memory_bytes)-1) / count(kube_node_status_allocatable_memory_bytes) |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}内Pod申请的内存过载,当前CPU申请占比{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}
3.3 KubeCPUQuotaOvercommit
sum(kube_resourcequota{job="kube-state-metrics", type="hard", resource="cpu"}) / sum(kube_node_status_allocatable_cpu_cores) 1.5 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}CPU Quota过载,已经超过可分配CPU资源的{{ $value }}倍
3.4 KubeMemoryQuotaOvercommit
sum(kube_resourcequota{job="kube-state-metrics", type="hard", resource="memory"}) / sum(kube_node_status_allocatable_memory_bytes{job="node-exporter"}) 1.5 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}内存配额过载,已经超过可分配内存资源的{{ $value }}倍
3.5 KubeQuotaAlmostFull
kube_resourcequota{job="kube-state-metrics", type="used"} / ignoring(instance, job, type) (kube_resourcequota{job="kube-state-metrics", type="hard"} 0) 0.9 1 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}中资源{{ $labels.resource }}使用率超过{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}
3.6 KubeQuotaExceeded
kube_resourcequota{job="kube-state-metrics", type="used"} / ignoring(instance, job, type) (kube_resourcequota{job="kube-state-metrics", type="hard"} 0) 1 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}中资源{{ $labels.resource }}使用率超过{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}
3.7 PodCPULimitRate
sum(rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{job="cadvisor", image!="", container!="POD"}[1m])) by (cluster, namespace, pod, container) / sum(kube_pod_container_resource_limits_cpu_cores) by (cluster, namespace, pod, container) 0.8 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/Pod {{ $labels.pod }}/container {{ $labels.container }}的CPU使用率(占limit)达{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}.
3.8 PodCPURequestRate
sum(rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{job="cadvisor", image!="", container!="POD"}[1m])) by (cluster, namespace, pod, container) / sum(kube_pod_container_resource_requests_cpu_cores) by (cluster, namespace, pod, container) 0.8 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/Pod {{ $labels.pod }}/container {{ $labels.container }}的CPU使用率(占request)达{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}.
3.9 PodMemoryLimitRate
sum(rate(container_memory_working_set_bytes{job="cadvisor", image!="", container!="POD"}[1m])) by (cluster, namespace, pod, container) / sum(kube_pod_container_resource_limits_memory_bytes) by (cluster, namespace, pod, container) 0.8 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/Pod {{ $labels.pod }}/container {{ $labels.container }}的内存使用率(占limit)达{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}.
3.10 PodMemoryRequestRate
sum(rate(container_memory_working_set_bytes{job="cadvisor", image!="", container!="POD"}[1m])) by (cluster, namespace, pod, container) / sum(kube_pod_container_resource_requests_memory_bytes) by (cluster, namespace, pod, container) 0.8 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/Pod {{ $labels.pod }}/container{{ $labels.container }}的内存使用率(占request)达{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}.
4. Kubernetes存储
4.1 KubePersistentVolumeFillingUp
kubelet_volume_stats_available_bytes{job="kubelet"} / kubelet_volume_stats_capacity_bytes{job="kubelet"} 0.03 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/pvc {{ $labels.persistentvolumeclaim }}的存储空间只剩{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}可用
4.2 KubePersistentVolumeFillingUp
( kubelet_volume_stats_available_bytes{job="kubelet"} / kubelet_volume_stats_capacity_bytes{job="kubelet"} ) 0.15 and predict_linear(kubelet_volume_stats_available_bytes{job="kubelet"}[6h], 4 * 24 * 3600) 0 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/namespace {{ $labels.namespace }}/pvc {{ $labels.persistentvolumeclaim }}的存储空间预计4后用尽,现在还有{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}可用
4.3 KubePersistentVolumeErrors
kube_persistentvolume_status_phase{phase=~"Failed|Pending",job="kube-state-metrics"} 0 |
告警内容:集群{{ $labels.cluster }}/pv {{ $labels.persistentvolume }}状态{{ $labels.phase }}
5. Kubernetes Master
5.1 KubeClientErrors
(sum(rate(rest_client_requests_total{code=~"5.."}[5m])) by (instance, job, cluster) / sum(rate(rest_client_requests_total[5m])) by (instance, job, cluster)) 0.01 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/任务 {{ $labels.job }}/实例 {{ $labels.instance}} 访问APIServer出现{{ $value | humanizePercentage }}的错误
5.2 KubeClientCertificateExpiration
apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_count{job="apiserver"} 0 and on(cluster, job) histogram_quantile(0.01, sum by (cluster, job, le) (rate(apiserver_client_certificate_expiration_seconds_bucket{job="apiserver"}[5m]))) 86400 |
告警内容:访问集群{{ $labels.cluster }} apiserver的客户端证书将在24小时后过期。
5.3 KubeAPIDown
sum(up{job="kube-apiserver"}) by (cluster) == 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }} 的kube-apiserver没有运行
5.4 KubeSchedulerDown
sum(up{job="kube-scheduler"}) by (cluster) == 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }} 的kube-scheduler没有运行
5.5 KubeControllerManagerDown
sum(up{job="kube-controller-manager"}) by (cluster) == 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }} 的kube-controller-manager没有运行
6. Kubernetes kubelet
6.1 KubeNodeNotReady
kube_node_status_condition{job="kube-state-metrics",condition="Ready",status="true"} == 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/node {{ $labels.node }} not ready持续15分钟。
6.2 KubeletTooManyPods
count by(cluster,node) ( (kube_pod_status_phase{job="kube-state-metrics",phase="Running"} == 1) * on(instance,pod,namespace,cluster) group_left(node) topk by(instance,pod,namespace,cluster) (1, kube_pod_info{job="kube-state-metrics"}) ) / max by(cluster,node) ( kube_node_status_capacity_pods{job="kube-state-metrics"} != 1 ) 0.95 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/node {{ $labels.node }} 运行pod量占容量的{{ $value | humanizePercentage}}
6.3 KubeletClientCertificateExpiration
kubelet_certificate_manager_client_ttl_seconds 86400 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/node {{ $labels.node }}上kubelet客户端证书将在{{ $value | humanizeDuration }}后过期
6.4 KubeletServerCertificateExpiration
kubelet_certificate_manager_server_ttl_seconds 86400 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }}/node {{ $labels.node }}上kubelet服务端证书将在{{ $value | humanizeDuration }}后过期
6.5 KubeletDown
sum(up{job="kubelet"}) by (cluster) == 0 |
告警内容:集群 {{ $labels.cluster }} 的kubelet没有运行
7. 参考
以上告警规则参考腾讯云原生监控,当然,在prometheus-operator中也有很多默认规则可以参考,具体见以下链接:https://github.com/prometheus-operator/kube-prometheus/tree/main/manifests
作者:小家电维修
相见有时,后会无期。
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