边肖想和大家分享一下MySQL是如何在ROW模式下通过binlog提取SQL语句的。希望你看完这篇文章后有所收获。让我们一起讨论一下。
Linux
在行模式下基于binlog生成DML的回滚语句(插入/更新/删除)。
mysqlbinlog -v解析binlog生成可读的sql文件。
选择要处理的有效sql。
“# # # #”开头的行。如果输入的起始位置在事件组的中间,将导致“无法识别的事件”错误。
将INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE的sql反转,一个完整的sql只能占用一行。
插入:插入=删除自,设置=在哪里
更新:其中=设置,设置=在哪里
删除:删除自=插入到,其中=设置
将位置@{1,2,3}替换为列名。
通过desc表获取列顺序和对应的列名。
特殊列类型值被特殊处理。
反向序列
注意:
表结构必须与当前表结构相同[请记住]。
因为行模式是幂等的,并且恢复是一次性的,所以只提取sql,而不是BEGIN/COMMIT。
只能处理插入/更新/删除。
mysql从yoon中选择*;
- - - -
| actor _ id | first _ name | last _ name | last _ update |
- - - -
| 1 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 2 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 3 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 4 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 5 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 6 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 7 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 8 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 9 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 10 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
| 11 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34336033 |
>+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete from yoon;
Query OK, 11 rows affected (1.03 sec)
mysql> select * from yoon;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
命令之间的空格一定要注意,否则就会无法提取SQL语句:
[root@hank-yoon data]# perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/export/data/mysql/data/yoon.sql' -u 'root' -p 'yoon'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@hank-yoon data]# ls
auto.cnf hank ibdata2 ib_logfile1 modify.pl mysql-bin.000001 performance_schema test yoon.sql
binlog-rollback.pl ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile2 mysql mysql-bin.index sakila yoon
[root@hank-yoon data]# cat yoon.sql
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=11, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=10, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=9, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=8, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=7, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=6, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=5, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=4, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=3, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=2, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=1, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
mysql> INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=11, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from yoon;
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name | last_update |
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
| 11 | HANK | YOON | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
点击(此处)折叠或打开
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#!/usr/lib/perl -w
-
use strict;
-
use warnings;
-
use Class::Struct;
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use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_ignore_case); # GetOption
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# register handler system signals
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use sigtrap 'handler', \&sig_int, 'normal-signals';
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# catch signal
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sub sig_int(){
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my ($signals) = @_;
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print STDERR "# Caught SIG$signals.\n";
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exit 1;
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}
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my %opt;
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my $srcfile;
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my $host = '127.0.0.1';
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my $port = 3306;
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my ($user,$pwd);
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my ($MYSQL, $MYSQLBINLOG, $ROLLBACK_DML);
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my $outfile = '/dev/null';
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my (%do_dbs,%do_tbs);
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# tbname=>tbcol, tbcol: @n=>colname,type
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my %tbcol_pos;
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my $SPLITER_COL = ',';
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my $SQLTYPE_IST = 'INSERT';
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my $SQLTYPE_UPD = 'UPDATE';
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my $SQLTYPE_DEL = 'DELETE';
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my $SQLAREA_WHERE = 'WHERE';
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my $SQLAREA_SET = 'SET';
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my $PRE_FUNCT = '========================== ';
-
# =========================================================
-
# 基于row模式的binlog,生成DML(insert/update/delete)的rollback语句
-
# 通过mysqlbinlog -v 解析binlog生成可读的sql文件
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# 提取需要处理的有效sql
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# "### "开头的行.如果输入的start-position位于某个event group中间,则会导致"无法识别event"错误
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#
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# 将INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE 的sql反转,并且1个完整sql只能占1行
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# INSERT: INSERT INTO => DELETE FROM, SET => WHERE
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# UPDATE: WHERE => SET, SET => WHERE
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# DELETE: DELETE FROM => INSERT INTO, WHERE => SET
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# 用列名替换位置@{1,2,3}
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# 通过desc table获得列顺序及对应的列名
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# 特殊列类型value做特别处理
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# 逆序
-
#
-
# 注意:
-
# 表结构与现在的表结构必须相同[谨记]
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# 由于row模式是幂等的,并且恢复是一次性,所以只提取sql,不提取BEGIN/COMMIT
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# 只能对INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE进行处理
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# ========================================================
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sub main{
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# get input option
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&get_options();
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#
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&init_tbcol();
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#
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&do_binlog_rollback();
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}
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&main();
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Func : get options and set option flag
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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sub get_options{
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#Get options info
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GetOptions(\%opt,
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'help', # OUT : print help info
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'f|srcfile=s', # IN : binlog file
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'o|outfile=s', # out : output sql file
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'h|host=s', # IN : host
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'u|user=s', # IN : user
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'p|password=s', # IN : password
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'P|port=i', # IN : port
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'start-datetime=s', # IN : start datetime
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'stop-datetime=s', # IN : stop datetime
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'start-position=i', # IN : start position
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'stop-position=i', # IN : stop position
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'd|database=s', # IN : database, split comma
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'T|table=s', # IN : table, split comma
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'i|ignore', # IN : ignore binlog check ddl and so on
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'debug', # IN : print debug information
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) or print_usage();
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if (!scalar(%opt)) {
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&print_usage();
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}
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# Handle for options
-
if ($opt{'f'}){
-
$srcfile = $opt{'f'};
-
}else{
-
&merror("please input binlog file");
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}
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$opt{'h'} and $host = $opt{'h'};
-
$opt{'u'} and $user = $opt{'u'};
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$opt{'p'} and $pwd = $opt{'p'};
-
$opt{'P'} and $port = $opt{'P'};
-
if ($opt{'o'}) {
-
$outfile = $opt{'o'};
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# 清空 outfile
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`echo '' > $outfile`;
-
}
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#
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$MYSQL = qq{mysql -h$host -u$user -p'$pwd' -P$port};
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&mdebug("get_options::MYSQL\n\t$MYSQL");
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# 提取binlog,不需要显示列定义信息,用-v,而不用-vv
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$MYSQLBINLOG = qq{mysqlbinlog -v};
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$MYSQLBINLOG .= " --start-position=".$opt{'start-position'} if $opt{'start-position'};
-
$MYSQLBINLOG .= " --stop-position=".$opt{'stop-position'} if $opt{'stop-postion'};
-
$MYSQLBINLOG .= " --start-datetime='".$opt{'start-datetime'}."'" if $opt{'start-datetime'};
-
$MYSQLBINLOG .= " --stop-datetime='$opt{'stop-datetime'}'" if $opt{'stop-datetime'};
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$MYSQLBINLOG .= " $srcfile";
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&mdebug("get_options::MYSQLBINLOG\n\t$MYSQLBINLOG");
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# 检查binlog中是否含有 ddl sql: CREATE|ALTER|DROP|RENAME
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&check_binlog() unless ($opt{'i'});
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# 不使用mysqlbinlog过滤,USE dbname;方式可能会漏掉某些sql,所以不在mysqlbinlog过滤
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# 指定数据库
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if ($opt{'d'}){
-
my @dbs = split(/,/,$opt{'d'});
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foreach my $db (@dbs){
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$do_dbs{$db}=1;
-
}
-
}
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# 指定表
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if ($opt{'T'}){
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my @tbs = split(/,/,$opt{'T'});
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foreach my $tb (@tbs){
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$do_tbs{$tb}=1;
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}
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}
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# 提取有效DML SQL
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$ROLLBACK_DML = $MYSQLBINLOG." | grep '^### '";
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# 去掉注释: '### ' -> ''
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# 删除首尾空格
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$ROLLBACK_DML .= " | sed 's/###\\s*//g;s/\\s*\$//g'";
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&mdebug("rollback dml\n\t$ROLLBACK_DML");
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# 检查内容是否为空
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my $cmd = "$ROLLBACK_DML | wc -l";
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&mdebug("check contain dml sql\n\t$cmd");
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my $size = `$cmd`;
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chomp($size);
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unless ($size >0){
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&merror("binlog DML is empty:$ROLLBACK_DML");
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};
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Func : check binlog contain DDL
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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sub check_binlog{
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&mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT check_binlog");
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my $cmd = "$MYSQLBINLOG ";
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$cmd .= " | grep -E -i '^(CREATE|ALTER|DROP|RENAME)' ";
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&mdebug("check binlog has DDL cmd\n\t$cmd");
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my $ddlcnt = `$cmd`;
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chomp($ddlcnt);
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my $ddlnum = `$cmd | wc -l`;
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chomp($ddlnum);
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my $res = 0;
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if ($ddlnum>0){
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# 在ddl sql前面加上前缀<DDL>
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$ddlcnt = `echo '$ddlcnt' | sed 's/^//g'`;
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&merror("binlog contain $ddlnum DDL:$MYSQLBINLOG. ddl sql:\n$ddlcnt");
-
}
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return $res;
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Func : init all table column order
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# if input --database --table params, only get set table column order
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
sub init_tbcol{
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&mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT init_tbcol");
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# 提取DML语句
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my $cmd .= "$ROLLBACK_DML | grep -E '^(INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE)'";
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# 提取表名,并去重
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#$cmd .= " | awk '{if (\$1 ~ \"^UPDATE\") {print \$2}else {print \$3}}' | uniq ";
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$cmd .= " | awk '{if (\$1 ~ \"^UPDATE\") {print \$2}else {print \$3}}' | sort | uniq ";
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&mdebug("get table name cmd\n\t$cmd");
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open ALLTABLE, "$cmd | " or die "can't open file:$cmd\n";
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while (my $tbname = <ALLTABLE>){
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chomp($tbname);
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#if (exists $tbcol_pos{$tbname}){
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# next;
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#}
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&init_one_tbcol($tbname) unless (&ignore_tb($tbname));
-
-
}
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close ALLTABLE or die "can't close file:$cmd\n";
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# init tb col
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foreach my $tb (keys %tbcol_pos){
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&mdebug("tbname->$tb");
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my %colpos = %{$tbcol_pos{$tb}};
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foreach my $pos (keys %colpos){
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my $col = $colpos{$pos};
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my ($cname,$ctype) = split(/$SPLITER_COL/, $col);
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&mdebug("\tpos->$pos,cname->$cname,ctype->$ctype");
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}
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}
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};
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Func : init one table column order
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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sub init_one_tbcol{
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my $tbname = shift;
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&mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT init_one_tbcol");
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# 获取表结构及列顺序
-
my $cmd = $MYSQL." --skip-column-names --silent -e 'desc $tbname'";
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# 提取列名,并拼接
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$cmd .= " | awk -F\'\\t\' \'{print NR\"$SPLITER_COL`\"\$1\"`$SPLITER_COL\"\$2}'";
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&mdebug("get table column infor cmd\n\t$cmd");
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open TBCOL,"$cmd | " or die "can't open desc $tbname;";
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my %colpos;
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while (my $line = <TBCOL>){
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chomp($line);
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my ($pos,$col,$coltype) = split(/$SPLITER_COL/,$line);
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&mdebug("linesss=$line\n\t\tpos=$pos\n\t\tcol=$col\n\t\ttype=$coltype");
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$colpos{$pos} = $col.$SPLITER_COL.$coltype;
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}
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close TBCOL or die "can't colse desc $tbname";
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$tbcol_pos{$tbname} = \%colpos;
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}
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Func : rollback sql: INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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sub do_binlog_rollback{
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my $binlogfile = "$ROLLBACK_DML ";
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&mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT do_binlog_rollback");
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# INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE
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my $sqltype;
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# WHERE|SET
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my $sqlarea;
-
-
my ($tbname, $sqlstr) = ('', '');
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my ($notignore, $isareabegin) = (0,0);
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# output sql file
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open SQLFILE, ">> $outfile" or die "Can't open sql file:$outfile";
-
# binlog file
-
open BINLOG, "$binlogfile |" or die "Can't open file: $binlogfile";
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while (my $line = <BINLOG>){
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chomp($line);
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if ($line =~ /^(INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE)/){
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# export sql
-
if ($sqlstr ne ''){
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$sqlstr .= ";\n";
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print SQLFILE $sqlstr;
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&mdebug("export sql\n\t".$sqlstr);
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$sqlstr = '';
-
}
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if ($line =~ /^INSERT/){
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$sqltype = $SQLTYPE_IST;
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$tbname = `echo '$line' | awk '{print \$3}'`;
-
chomp($tbname);
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$sqlstr = qq{DELETE FROM $tbname};
-
}elsif ($line =~ /^UPDATE/){
-
$sqltype = $SQLTYPE_UPD;
-
$tbname = `echo '$line' | awk '{print \$2}'`;
-
chomp($tbname);
-
$sqlstr = qq{UPDATE $tbname};
-
}elsif ($line =~ /^DELETE/){
-
$sqltype = $SQLTYPE_DEL;
-
$tbname = `echo '$line' | awk '{print \$3}'`;
-
chomp($tbname);
-
$sqlstr = qq{INSERT INTO $tbname};
-
}
-
# check ignore table
-
if(&ignore_tb($tbname)){
-
$notignore = 0;
-
&mdebug("#IGNORE#:line:".$line);
-
$sqlstr = '';
-
}else{
-
$notignore = 1;
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&mdebug("#DO#:line:".$line);
-
}
-
}else {
-
if($notignore){
-
&merror("can't get tbname") unless (defined($tbname));
-
if ($line =~ /^WHERE/){
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$sqlarea = $SQLAREA_WHERE;
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$sqlstr .= qq{ SET};
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$isareabegin = 1;
-
}elsif ($line =~ /^SET/){
-
$sqlarea = $SQLAREA_SET;
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$sqlstr .= qq{ WHERE};
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$isareabegin = 1;
-
}elsif ($line =~ /^\@/){
-
$sqlstr .= &deal_col_value($tbname, $sqltype, $sqlarea, $isareabegin, $line);
-
$isareabegin = 0;
-
}else{
-
&mdebug("::unknown sql:".$line);
-
}
-
}
-
}
-
}
-
# export last sql
-
if ($sqlstr ne ''){
-
$sqlstr .= ";\n";
-
print SQLFILE $sqlstr;
-
&mdebug("export sql\n\t".$sqlstr);
-
}
-
-
close BINLOG or die "Can't close binlog file: $binlogfile";
-
close SQLFILE or die "Can't close out sql file: $outfile";
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# 逆序
-
# 1!G: 只有第一行不执行G, 将hold space中的内容append回到pattern space
-
# h: 将pattern space 拷贝到hold space
-
# $!d: 除最后一行都删除
-
my $invert = "sed -i '1!G;h;\$!d' $outfile";
-
my $res = `$invert`;
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&mdebug("inverter order sqlfile :$invert");
-
}
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
# Func : transfer column pos to name
-
# deal column value
-
#
-
# &deal_col_value($tbname, $sqltype, $sqlarea, $isareabegin, $line);
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
sub deal_col_value($$$$$){
-
my ($tbname, $sqltype, $sqlarea, $isareabegin, $line) = @_;
-
&mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT deal_col_value");
-
&mdebug("input:tbname->$tbname,type->$sqltype,area->$sqlarea,areabegin->$isareabegin,line->$line");
-
my @vals = split(/=/, $line);
-
my $pos = substr($vals[0],1);
-
my $valstartpos = length($pos)+2;
-
my $val = substr($line,$valstartpos);
-
my %tbcol = %{$tbcol_pos{$tbname}};
-
my ($cname,$ctype) = split(/$SPLITER_COL/,$tbcol{$pos});
-
&merror("can't get $tbname column $cname type") unless (defined($cname) || defined($ctype));
-
&mdebug("column infor:cname->$cname,type->$ctype");
-
# join str
-
my $joinstr;
-
if ($isareabegin){
-
$joinstr = ' ';
-
}else{
-
# WHERE 被替换为 SET, 使用 , 连接
-
if ($sqlarea eq $SQLAREA_WHERE){
-
$joinstr = ', ';
-
# SET 被替换为 WHERE 使用 AND 连接
-
}elsif ($sqlarea eq $SQLAREA_SET){
-
$joinstr = ' AND ';
-
}else{
-
&merror("!!!!!!The scripts error");
-
}
-
}
-
-
#
-
my $newline = $joinstr;
-
# NULL value
-
if (($val eq 'NULL') && ($sqlarea eq $SQLAREA_SET)){
-
$newline .= qq{ $cname IS NULL};
-
}else{
-
# timestamp: record seconds
-
if ($ctype eq 'timestamp'){
-
$newline .= qq{$cname=from_unixtime($val)};
-
# datetime: @n=yyyy-mm-dd hh::ii::ss
-
}elsif ($ctype eq 'datetime'){
-
$newline .= qq{$cname='$val'};
-
}else{
-
$newline .= qq{$cname=$val};
-
}
-
}
-
&mdebug("\told>$line\n\tnew>$newline");
-
-
return $newline;
-
}
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
# Func : check is ignore table
-
# params: IN table full name # format:`dbname`.`tbname`
-
# RETURN:
-
# 0 not ignore
-
# 1 ignore
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
sub ignore_tb($){
-
my $fullname = shift;
-
# 删除`
-
$fullname =~ s/`//g;
-
my ($dbname,$tbname) = split(/\./,$fullname);
-
my $res = 0;
-
-
# 指定了数据库
-
if ($opt{'d'}){
-
# 与指定库相同
-
if ($do_dbs{$dbname}){
-
# 指定表
-
if ($opt{'T'}){
-
# 与指定表不同
-
unless ($do_tbs{$tbname}){
-
$res = 1;
-
}
-
}
-
# 与指定库不同
-
}else{
-
$res = 1;
-
}
-
}
-
#&mdebug("Table check ignore:$fullname->$res");
-
return $res;
-
}
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
# Func : print debug msg
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
sub mdebug{
-
my (@msg) = @_;
-
print "@msg\n" if ($opt{'debug'});
-
}
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
# Func : print error msg and exit
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
sub merror{
-
my (@msg) = @_;
-
print ":@msg\n";
-
&print_usage();
-
exit(1);
-
}
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
# Func : print usage
-
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
sub print_usage{
-
print <<EOF;
-
==========================================================================================
-
Command line options :
-
--help # OUT : print help info
-
-f, --srcfile # IN : binlog file. [required]
-
-o, --outfile # OUT : output sql file. [required]
-
-h, --host # IN : host. default '127.0.0.1'
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-u, --user # IN : user. [required]
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-p, --password # IN : password. [required]
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-P, --port # IN : port. default '3306'
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--start-datetime # IN : start datetime
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--stop-datetime # IN : stop datetime
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--start-position # IN : start position
-
--stop-position # IN : stop position
-
-d, --database # IN : database, split comma
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-T, --table # IN : table, split comma. [required] set -d
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-i, --ignore # IN : ignore binlog check contain DDL(CREATE|ALTER|DROP|RENAME)
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--debug # IN : print debug information
-
Sample :
-
shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd'
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shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' -i
-
shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' --debug
-
shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -h '192.168.1.2' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' -P 3307
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shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' --start-position=107
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shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' --start-position=107 --stop-position=10000
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shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' -d 'db1,db2'
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shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.0000*' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' -d 'db1,db2' -T 'tb1,tb2'
-
==========================================================================================
-
EOF
-
exit;
-
}
-
1;
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